[BIM] 問﹕DevB 發展局嗰廿項BIM Use 分別係乜嚟？

答﹕

1. Design Authoring

開一單BIM Project最基本既嘢，Information related e.g. Data Base, Quantities, Schedules; Graphic Related e.g. 3D view, plan, elevation, section;

做上述嘢响香港比較常用既軟件有Revit, ArchiCAD (Architural); Tekla(Structural)

2. Design Reviews

即係睇個BIM模型，通道/照明等。

Modelling software, or Navisworks; BIMx; Enscape or Fuzor (Real Time Rendering) 或好多CDE平台都做到

3. Existing Conditions Modelling

最常見都係用3D Laser scanning 將成個現場掃入做point cloud, 用嚟做design planning; 亦可以係as built 後再掃對返個BIM model. 

一般有兩種方法，第一種係topography, 攞般拍機嚟影堆相，再跟據標誌物高度同相機focal length比較返嚟估個coordination, 真係得個睇字幾唔準，但好處係快，幾大個Site一朝可以搞掂；另一種係攞部百幾萬既Laser scanner 射無數束laser出去再反射返入嚟計個位置，相對準好多，不過功夫同成本都高得多，要不斷移部機位置將N個point cloud 砌返一齊。兩者都可以砌返啲360°相入個point cloud度。 

Leica, Faro 都有出呢啲3D laser scanner

4. Site Analysis

即係Geographic Information System, 可以用嚟分析日照、陰影、視野、水浸風險、屏風樓、UU嗰類。

Esri ArcGIS, Spatial Technology

5. 3D Coordination

即係睇有冇碰撞，BIM最基本既功能。香港主流做法都係Revit model完再放入Navisworks出個clash detection report

6. Cost Estimation 

即係5D, Design Stage個Model做完可以用嚟出到個quantities; Consturction Stage 可以用嚟計VO, Interim Payment etc.

香港會用到既軟件有Vico Office, QIM5D, CostX, YTWO 5D BIM, MTWO

7. Engineering Analysis

Revit 都自帶Structural Analysis;

MEP方面，Revit 自帶計Cooling Load. 當然仲有好多種玩法如export個BIM去做CFD

軟件有Autodesk CFD; Export to DIAlux for lighting simulation; Acoustic有人用MS Visual Studio做;

8. Facility Energy Analysis

做好個BIM model 後，用Autodesk Forge將啲MEP equipment sensor同個BIM link 起嚟，咁就可以直接用個BIM嚟訊號或落指令，收到數據後再進行分析。

9. Sustainability Evaluation

香港既代表係"Hong Kong Beam Plus Assessment Tools Eco Designer Stars", 將成個BIM model 放入軟件去做BEAM Plus評分

10. Space Programming

Architectural 而言，可以自動生成N種building唔同形狀方案，用Revit 個 Dynamo可做到

11. Phase Planning 4D

唔洗多都明，做成個construction sequence simulation, 開工後成個地盤佈局，天稱，物料存放，車路行人路等等，都可以用BIM嚟show

常用既有Navisworks, Fuzor, VicoOffice

12. Digital Fabrication

將啲DfMA, MiC element响BIM出埋construction details去生產；再進一步可以出埋啲放得入Computer Numerical Control Manchines (數控機床，類似3D Printer)既格式直接生產組件。

13. Site Utilization Planning

同4D類似，响construction stage 做空間、物流、temp works, safety規劃

14. 3D Control and Planning

簡單嚟講就係用GPS嚟管理project elements e.g. Wall survey points, 比起傳統墨斗佬開墨方便得多。

15. As-Built Modelling

泥水圖有既嘢諸如房名、樓梯名；或door, window, louver schedules; 或MEP嘢，全部要齊，同以往交As-Built Drawing一樣

16. Project System Analysis

一開始做Design會用BIM做CFD之類analysis, 棟樓起好後再比對返同之前simulation result吻合否; 又或用個BIM嚟比對現場同個BIM分別。EcoDumus可做到。

17. Maintenance Scheduling

將傳統maintenance schedule同個BIM結合

18. Space Management and Tracking

攞個BIM嚟做空間管理，諸如平時返工Book會議室，再可進一步直接由個BIM度睇到間房有冇人用緊

19. Asset Management

可用Autodesk Forge做IOT，直接响BIM度操控啲control panel如燈，冷氣

20. Drawing Generation

BD 相關嗰啲圖如GBP, Superstructure Plan, Excavation and Lateral Support ELS, Foundation Plan Drainage Plan etc. 已經出晒Guideline教大家點出圖；

MEP圖上比EMSD/ WSD/ FSD 等政府部門既出圖標準都好快問世；CSD/CBWD等市場已經做咗好多年。最大爭議都只係上下打疊既pipe/duct用啲乜方法嚟present