BSE Sharing: 5月 2020

2020年5月25日星期一

[BIM] 問﹕如果只有一個Navisworks nwd檔，點樣攞啲pipe size / pipe length 出嚟?

答﹕

步驟一﹕按Quantification-->Project Setup, 跟住comment sense 按next, finish

步驟二﹕按一下你想take數既pipe, 按properties, 睇下個pipe diameter 係响邊個catagories 下面，之後記住佢，以呢個例子，係用"DWF - Mechanical"呢個標簽下既數字。

要注意既係，可能有好幾個catagories下面都有pipe diameter, 如果係咁的話一定要搵個係後面冇

Ø

符號既，如果唔係就會take 唔到數。

呢種value就會take唔到

步驟三﹕响Quantification Workbook一欄度滑鼠右鍵，按"New Virtual Takeoff", 之後新增一堆你想take數既item, 今次以dia 150mm 及 dia 100mm 消防喉嚟做例子。

步驟四﹕選擇你想take數既pipe, 用Find Items再揀Properties嚟篩選

步驟五﹕用以上篩選器選擇後，按"Find All", 個模型所有响"Welded Steel Pipe" 下既dia 100mm pipe 都會著藍色被選，之後直接將堆已選既pipe拉入去新開個item入面，如下圖

步驟六﹕每條dia 100mm 既pipe 長度，總長度等，都可以出晒嚟。亦可以export 出excel or XML. 大家有冇留意，Navisworks比到出嚟既屬性係冇Pipe Diameter呢項，以上都係半手動式咁篩選，如果想响個表直接出齊Pipe Diameter + Pipe Length, 有另一個方法

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同以上步驟一樣，但選擇晒所有你想take數既pipe

之後按"Item Catalog" --> "Property Mapping" --> 揀選有效既Pipe Diameter (上面有講)。呢個步驟目的係，既然ModelPerimeter裡面冇嘢，就攞個有用既diameter霸咗佢呢項。

跟住選晒所有item, 响堆item度右鍵"Delete Takeoff", 再重新將堆pipe拉入嚟run一次，就可以Pipe Length + Pipe Diameter 同時响個表度出面

2020年5月21日星期四

[BIM] 問﹕DevB 發展局嗰廿項BIM Use 分別係乜嚟？

答﹕

1. Design Authoring

開一單BIM Project最基本既嘢，Information related e.g. Data Base, Quantities, Schedules; Graphic Related e.g. 3D view, plan, elevation, section;

做上述嘢响香港比較常用既軟件有Revit, ArchiCAD (Architural); Tekla(Structural)

2. Design Reviews

即係睇個BIM模型，通道/照明等。

Modelling software, or Navisworks; BIMx; Enscape or Fuzor (Real Time Rendering) 或好多CDE平台都做到

3. Existing Conditions Modelling

最常見都係用3D Laser scanning 將成個現場掃入做point cloud, 用嚟做design planning; 亦可以係as built 後再掃對返個BIM model.

一般有兩種方法，第一種係topography, 攞般拍機嚟影堆相，再跟據標誌物高度同相機focal length比較返嚟估個coordination, 真係得個睇字幾唔準，但好處係快，幾大個Site一朝可以搞掂；另一種係攞部百幾萬既Laser scanner 射無數束laser出去再反射返入嚟計個位置，相對準好多，不過功夫同成本都高得多，要不斷移部機位置將N個point cloud 砌返一齊。兩者都可以砌返啲360°相入個point cloud度。

Leica, Faro 都有出呢啲3D laser scanner

4. Site Analysis

即係Geographic Information System, 可以用嚟分析日照、陰影、視野、水浸風險、屏風樓、UU嗰類。

Esri ArcGIS, Spatial Technology

5. 3D Coordination

即係睇有冇碰撞，BIM最基本既功能。香港主流做法都係Revit model完再放入Navisworks出個clash detection report

6. Cost Estimation

即係5D, Design Stage個Model做完可以用嚟出到個quantities; Consturction Stage 可以用嚟計VO, Interim Payment etc.

香港會用到既軟件有Vico Office, QIM5D, CostX, YTWO 5D BIM, MTWO

7. Engineering Analysis

Revit 都自帶Structural Analysis;

MEP方面，Revit 自帶計Cooling Load. 當然仲有好多種玩法如export個BIM去做CFD

軟件有Autodesk CFD; Export to DIAlux for lighting simulation; Acoustic有人用MS Visual Studio做;

8. Facility Energy Analysis

做好個BIM model 後，用Autodesk Forge將啲MEP equipment sensor同個BIM link 起嚟，咁就可以直接用個BIM嚟訊號或落指令，收到數據後再進行分析。

9. Sustainability Evaluation

香港既代表係"Hong Kong Beam Plus Assessment Tools Eco Designer Stars", 將成個BIM model 放入軟件去做BEAM Plus評分

10. Space Programming

Architectural 而言，可以自動生成N種building唔同形狀方案，用Revit 個 Dynamo可做到

11. Phase Planning 4D

唔洗多都明，做成個construction sequence simulation, 開工後成個地盤佈局，天稱，物料存放，車路行人路等等，都可以用BIM嚟show

常用既有Navisworks, Fuzor, VicoOffice

12. Digital Fabrication

將啲DfMA, MiC element响BIM出埋construction details去生產；再進一步可以出埋啲放得入Computer Numerical Control Manchines (數控機床，類似3D Printer)既格式直接生產組件。

13. Site Utilization Planning

同4D類似，响construction stage 做空間、物流、temp works, safety規劃

14. 3D Control and Planning

簡單嚟講就係用GPS嚟管理project elements e.g. Wall survey points, 比起傳統墨斗佬開墨方便得多。

15. As-Built Modelling

泥水圖有既嘢諸如房名、樓梯名；或door, window, louver schedules; 或MEP嘢，全部要齊，同以往交As-Built Drawing一樣

16. Project System Analysis

一開始做Design會用BIM做CFD之類analysis, 棟樓起好後再比對返同之前simulation result吻合否; 又或用個BIM嚟比對現場同個BIM分別。EcoDumus可做到。

17. Maintenance Scheduling

將傳統maintenance schedule同個BIM結合

18. Space Management and Tracking

攞個BIM嚟做空間管理，諸如平時返工Book會議室，再可進一步直接由個BIM度睇到間房有冇人用緊

19. Asset Management

可用Autodesk Forge做IOT，直接响BIM度操控啲control panel如燈，冷氣

20. Drawing Generation

BD 相關嗰啲圖如GBP, Superstructure Plan, Excavation and Lateral Support ELS, Foundation Plan Drainage Plan etc. 已經出晒Guideline教大家點出圖；

MEP圖上比EMSD/ WSD/ FSD 等政府部門既出圖標準都好快問世；CSD/CBWD等市場已經做咗好多年。最大爭議都只係上下打疊既pipe/duct用啲乜方法嚟present

2020年5月10日星期日

[FS] [PD] [EL] [AC] 問﹕最終啦BD攞OP要集齊啲乜？

[FSD]

FS 172 , DG License, see https://elvissharing.blogspot.com/2020/05/fs-ac-fsd-statutory-submission.html

[WSD]

WSD 消防水及清水supply cert., see https://elvissharing.blogspot.com/2020/03/pd-project.html

[DSD]

尾井駁政府井，see https://elvissharing.blogspot.com/2020/05/pd-bsstatutory-submission-drainage.html

[EMSD]

Lift Use Permit; Disable Lift Cert., (唔一定有呢樣嘢) see https://elvissharing.blogspot.com/2020/03/el-lift-elevator.html

[BD]

Fire Resistance Materials, Frameworks, U/G Drain test report https://elvissharing.blogspot.com/2020/05/ac-pd-renewinno-bssubmitbd.html

OP之後仲會有機會有張由Lands Department 地政總署批出既Certificate of Compliance, 證明呢幅地既用途係滿足批地條件。

[FS] [AC] 問﹕入FSD Statutory Submission 包括啲乜？

答﹕

有三條Routes要做，1. 批GBP; 2. 批FS System (再分兩部份，包括 i. FS System e.g. FH/HR/Sprinkler; ii. Mechanical Ventilation related including Smoke Extraction, Staircase Pressurization, VAC); 3. 批Dangerous Goods;

Routes 1: GBP 比FSD 批則 (BD會搞掂埋)。最後夾埋FS 314, FS 501 一齊上；

Routes 2: 批成個FS System

响design stag(Stage 1) 先交個schematic (FS 同 MVAC分開交) 上去，呢個時候唔洗交平面圖住，滿意後FSD會出張 FS 161.

到Detailed FSI Layout Drawings Submission (Stage 2) 先連埋平面圖一齊夾埋FS 314, 501一齊上。

Routes 3:

Dangerous Goods. 先上比FSD批圖；如果有Mechanical Ventilation 就要上埋 FSD (Vent / 425-DG) for comment. (酒店都有Vent / Hotel-02A) 批完裝好後搵FSD嚟驗。驗好後業主交License Fee, FSD issue DG License;

also refer: http://elvissharing.blogspot.com/2020/03/el-fs-genset.html

Fire Service Installation and Equipment 要有埋張FS251 Certification;

以上齊晒後FSD就會响十四日內過嚟驗消防，合格後會收張FS 172, 最後驗樓OP就靠呢張嘢。

[EL] 問﹕一棟新樓由向電力公司攞電到打到電個流程係點？

答﹕

首先係要由顧問交圖等比CLP中電或HEC港燈，批咗後就申請駁電。

當然，駁電係由兩間電力公司做冇可能Develper or Main Contractor做，所以係要啦業主收錢。

呢個時候兩電就會出張繳款通知書Demand Note 叫業主交錢。

之後就Main Con + Sub Con. 努力揼起個火牛房，揼起之後搵兩電嚟驗收。

收咗牛房後，牛房內既嘢係兩電自己做返；崛路駁大電纜都會有兩電做；

電氣Sub Con呢個時候亦會好努力繼續做埋其他嘢，包括所有Cabling works, earthing, 簽WR1; 兩電都會檢查啲嘢做成點。

搞掂晒之後就可以啦兩電申請掛電錶，跟住兩電會嚟裝電錶。

最後就有永久電用。

[AC] [PD] [Renew./Inno.] 問﹕除咗渠之外，BS仲有啲乜嘢係要submit比BD？

答﹕

入BA13嗰陣除咗堆UG Drain Test Report 外 (見 http://elvissharing.blogspot.com/2020/05/pd-bsstatutory-submission-drainage.html) 仲有兩樣嘢要預備﹕

一樣係PNAP APP-13既Fire Resistance Materials, BS嘢包括Fire Damper, Fire Shutter, Lift Landing Door, Cast Iron Pipe;

另一樣係Framework相關 (唔係用minor works嚟入)，舉例有Fiberglass Tank, Solar Panel, Cooling Tower, External AC Hanger etc.;

Fiberglass Tank 深過2m 或大過9

m³

就要入；其他則冇指定。

個過程都幾麻煩，先要預備好晒呢啲Framework Drawing and Calculation, 之後比RSE簽，跟住比BD Approval先開工，再之後預備一堆Welding/Anchor/Mill Cert等文件响BA13嗰陣入埋。

仲有樣嘢係BS關BD事，係OTTV submission related, see http://elvissharing.blogspot.com/2020/04/ac-cooling-load.html

[AC] 問﹕新冠肺炎下BS系統設計有啲乜地方要注意？

答﹕

[AC]

- 加大ACH及Exhaust;

- 有疑似病例出現的話，可用類似VAC cut 咁局部停冷氣；

- Thermal Wheel 嗰種heat recovery 要停用或改做，加條by-pass air duct比佢；但Plate Type嗰種就可以照常用；

- Return關盡，Exhaust開到最大；

- 有reheat就開，不過香港都冇乜機會有；

[PD]

- 確保足夠水响U Trap, 好廢既標準答案;

- Design of Stack high / low zone, 適當Size條Vent Pipe, 減少條S.W.P.堵塞，防止Hydraulic Jump

- 避免用呢啲Hopper因為係open system

- 加Set UV 响樓上嘅vent pipe度，如圖

- 啲水封高度，pipe size乎合BD要求

(鳴謝﹕紅豆，K；Source: 辨公建築應對新型冠狀病毒指南)

2020年5月9日星期六

[PD] 問﹕做BS有啲乜Statutory Submission 係同Drainage有關？

答﹕

DSD + BD

Building 尾井至政府井嗰段係要同DSD交手。

做呢段渠有兩種做法

第一種係入DSD form 25 等DSD駁，DSD駁完啦業主攞返錢，但一般都唔會咁做，個崛路期唔容易控制。响地盤度門口出入位係相當關鍵，如果夾唔啱個期你有你做，DSD有DSD做，玩完。

第二種係Main Contractor 攞住張BD批則後自己駁 (界內既渠係BD睇，包括界內地渠；但界外尾井至政府井呢段就係DSD睇，入則比BD時，BD係會自動波幫你遞埋比DSD comment)

攞到Excavation Permit 後，Main Con 自己夾個期幾時駁，差唔多同步入一張叫HBP1既form同交錢，約DSD嚟驗收呢段。駁筒或做新井既時候記得要photo record. 最後要將啲material list, drawings (燒碟，mircostation format), CCTV (拍得唔靚仔記得要拍過)等交比DSD。

搞掂晒後DSD就會出封信比你話可以用嚟discharge.

界內所有渠都要同BD交手。

大樓渠都冇乜特別，最緊要都係跟足BD批圖，尤其係個pipe duct 嗰啲順時針順序排列。

有sunken 要 Fill 輕石矢地方最好就做晒photo record and drain test, 雖然例冇講，但個個BD人收法都唔同，有啲又話要有啲又話唔洗。

但地渠嗰啲form就一定要，即係PNRC 11叫BD落嚟睇驗渠 (咁多年嚟我一次都未見過佢地會真係落嚟) ，再由AP簽張PNAP 157確認。呢啲就真係要做足photo record, 最尾申請驗樓BA13前要成疊完完整整交上BD。

驗既方法好簡單，就係塞住條渠一頭，另一頭棟條膠筒再注滿水浮舊發泡膠，過一排唔drop就即係接位冇漏/條渠冇裂。

要留意BD好多人唔識嘢，响BS8301度好清楚寫住係可以咁用條膠管駁住試地渠

即係咁

但佢地唔肯收，一定要見到成條膠筒直駁住

冇計，就算擺明係佢地打橫嚟都唔好拗，鬼叫你要驗樓

[Renew./Inno.] 問﹕有邊啲電器係強制要有能源標籤Energy Label？

答﹕

見圖，共八種

1 就效能最好, 5 係最差

判斷標準詳見 https://www.emsd.gov.hk/energylabel/en/doc/2018%20CoP%20(English).pdf

(Source: EMSD)

2020年5月7日星期四

[AC] 問﹕冷氣機 Window Type, Split Type, VRV 有啲乜分別？

答﹕

Window Type vs Split Type

- 安裝空間考慮，前者要有個窗口窿向街，唔同冷氣機廠商，唔同匹數，個窿大細都有機會唔同；後者要裝室外機，仲要用條雪種喉連住；

- Window Type易拆易裝易維修；

- 美觀考慮Split Type好啲；

- 能源效益Split Type更好；

- Cooling capacity Split Type更高；

- Noise方面都係Split Type較好，因為大部機mechanical moving parts 都放咗响室外；

講得清楚啲，應該用一拖一Direction Expansion DX Split Type 同 Variable Refrigerant Volume VRV 比較，因為兩者都算係Split Type

- 前者係室內機同室外機一拖一；後者係一拖N；Split Type 同室外機條接駁最多行20m; VRV行到80m; 明顯VRV靈活及擴展性更高；(不過由於因為係走Refrigerant都唔係冇距離限制；但走Chilled Water的話可以講係冇距離限制)

- VRV 一拖N較節能因為佢啲Refrigerant可以由sensor control Pulse Modulating Valve PMV 去調Refrigerant flow; DX就唔得；

- VRV 由於一拖N，冇咁易停機，兼設計上有diversity；

- VRV 可同時heating and cooling;

[VRV呢個名比大金註冊咗，呢種技術叫VRF]

最後再講講傳統式同變頻式家用冷氣

變頻特點係起動嗰下為咗追到design, 會開到個compressor 130%, 當達到目的後，就會利用變頻調節，長時間使用上，無論節能、舒適度、耐用度都會比傳統好得多。

傳統既係一到某點就熄compressor, 太熱又開返，咁自然compressor損耗大之餘舒適度又冇咁好因為忽冷忽熱。

又由於變頻起動嗰下耗電量特別高，長時間用會著數過傳統式；又或離開一陣，唔熄冷氣仲慳過熄冷氣因為頭嗰段耗電量特別高。

[AC] [EL] [PD] [FS] 問﹕安老院 / 老人院 Residential Care Homes (Elderly Persons) 設計上有乜考慮？

答﹕

Social Welfare Department 社會褔利署出過一本守則，Code of Practice for Residential Care Homes (Elderly Persons), 亦都有條叫安老院條例 Cap. 459 Residential Care Homes (Elderly Persons) Ordinance;

啲嘢寫到好general, 不外乎FS 161, FS 251, FS 314 / 5014; WR1; Certification for gas installation etc.;

起碼要知有本咁既嘢，有條咁既法例；

How to enhance MEP design against coronavirus-19 in elderly center

MVAC:
- Install air purifier for occupant area
- sufficient separation (greater than 5m) between intake and exhaust louvre
- bathroom(toilet) for each dormitory will have independent ventilation system and direct fresh air intake from window.,ach dormitory is provided with openable window
- low level exhaust will be provided for those public toilets to minimize air contaminants in the breathing zone/ level.
- each dormitory is provided with individual fresh air fan connecting directly from external

- Heating equipment

PD:
- re-filling pipe connecting to u-trap of floor drain.
- vent pipe outlet for drainage pipe riser will be at roof above parapet wall.

Electrical

- Public Address PA system

- Electrical Call Bell

- Water Heater

Lift:
- lift will be capable to be isolated to one dedicated floor in case that particular floor is designated as isolated floor to reduce contact with other floors

- Smoke detection system provide used for sleeping accommodation.

Maintenance:
- sufficient access panels or air cleansing points for air duct cleaning and inspection.
- stop using air-to-air heat recovery system to limit the air transmission risk.
- frequent cleaning/ replacement of air filters, including fresh air fan filter and AC
indoor unit air filter.
- regular cleaning of ventilation duct work.

(鳴謝﹕紅豆、諾克Sir；Source: https://www.swd.gov.hk/storage/asset/section/2923/tc/CoP_RCHE_Chi_20200101.pdf )

[AC] [EL] [FS] [PD] 問﹕垃圾及物料回收房及垃圾槽 Refuse Storage and Material Recovery Chambers and Refuse Chutes 設計上有啲乜考慮？

答﹕

According to App-35 & Cap. 123, Section 38:

[AC] [EL] [FS] [PD]

-AC: Centralised ventilation 的話， air purifier before final discharge; or mechanical fan + particulate if no particular odour;

-AC: 如果係 centralised ventilation system, exhaust 要放upper roof; 但如果周圍被高樓包住，discharge就放返响RS&MRC;

- AC: RS&MRC房裡面要有air purifying devices, e.g. Chemical air scrubber, bio-oxygen generator, photo-oxidation generator etc.;

see: http://elvissharing.blogspot.com/2020/04/ac-mvac-designindoor-air-quality-iaq.html

- at least 3 ACH;

- DR: min. 100mm pipe to Back Inlet Trapped Gully BITG;

- PL: Water supply point;

- FS: Sprinkler, Fire Alarm

- EL: min. 120 lux;

-乎合Noise Control Ordinance (Cap 400);

- Refuse chutes should be vertical;

[MISC]

成間嘢個大細有規管, from BD App-35

(Source: Cap. 123, Section 38)

2020年5月6日星期三

[AC] 問﹕Fan 有啲乜種類？各有乜特別？

答﹕

Axial Fan and Centrifugal Fan

Axial Fan入風同出風係同一個方向；flow rate大但 pressure 細，通常會用响啲大面積散熱地方如dry cooler; input power 都相對低啲；

Centriufugal Fan 入風同出風係成九十度；flow rate 同 pressure都可以去到好大；high pressure drop e.g. air duct 嗰啲會用到；

[EL] 問﹕摩打 Motor 分別有幾多種？各有啲乜特點？

答﹕

簡單地用三種比較﹕

1. Synchronous Motor 同步電機 vs Induction Motor 異步電機；

2. Single Phase vs Three Phase;

3. Induction Motor (Squirrel-Cage Rotor) vs Induction Motor (Slip Ring Rotor) ；

1. Synchronous Motor 同步電機 vs Induction Motor 異步電機；

Synchronous Motor 個 rotor係 D.C.經由 slip ring比，個rotor就好似一舊永久磁鐵, Stator rotating magnetic field;

兩者最大分別係Synchronous Motor 加 load 只要唔過個limit, 個轉速都唔會改變；有slip ring, non self started (要D.C.+A.C.), 個lagging or leading can be operated, Efficiency 高啲但又貴啲；响啲需要轉速精準既場合會用到。