Cooling Load 即係冷負荷,任何會加熱一間房既嘢都係Cooling Load, 可分為三大範疇﹕
1. External Load - 由門/窗/地板/天花入嚟嗰啲熱
- U Value, 同Thermal Resistance 相反,前者係越細越好;(Conduction 做成)
- Shading Coefficient SC or Shading Heat Gain Coefficient SHGC , External Shading Coefficient(ESC) 個數越細入熱越少; (玻璃專用,係Radiation做成)
第一種類係住宅Residential Thermal Transfer Values (RTTV), Wall max. 12.5W/m2 ; Roof 3.5W/m2; (謝留言修正,RTTV個數字更新咗,詳見BD網站)
第二種類係Commercial and hotel, 用Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV), Tower max. 21W/m2; Podium max. 50W/m2;
玻璃就再加多一種玩法
- Visible Light Transmittance VTL; 大過50%;
- External Reflectance ER; 細過20%;
則師揀玻璃,最主要都係考慮三樣嘢﹕1. u value 要低,即係隔熱能力高;2. Shading Coefficient 要低, 即係經radiation入嚟既熱要少;3. External Reflectance 都要低,咁就多啲光入屋同時減低對其他大廈既光污染;
好多時雙層中空玻璃外面會做多層curtain wall, 夏天嗰陣可開咗頂個百葉利用stake effect 散熱;冬天嗰陣關咗佢就多層air layer保暖
2. Internal Load - 即係由人,Equipment, Lighting 等產生既熱,人越多/運動量越大,個Latent Load比例越高,詳見本Blog另一篇文章 http://elvissharing.blogspot.com/2020/04/ac-psy-chart-psychrometric-chart-size.html
3. Ventilation Load - 有啲房以 Air Change per hour 嚟定,約5-10個air change (Air Change Per Hour ACH); 有啲房以 L/s/person嚟定,詳見ASHRAE 62.1-2019
4. 總有啲林林嬸嬸Load 諸如System Load, 即係Air passing duct/fan既load; Infiltration rate 等等
Infiltration rate 計起上嚟有啲複雜,但知道同 ∆T, Internal surface S, Volume 有關有得,一般唔會真係計,而係take assumption.有條修正公式
仲有個概念要知,就係Peak Load & Block Load
Peak Load - 某建築物一年裡面最高Cooling Load嗰點;
Block Load - Sum of zone loads at a specific time, 如果size ice storage tank就會用到;
BEEO 2018 Hong Kong Design Criteria:
BEEO 2018 Hong Kong Design Criteria:
Thx Bro
回覆刪除第一種類係住宅Residential Thermal Transfer Values (RTTV), Wall max. 14W/m2 ; Roof 4W/m2;
回覆刪除👆呢個好似係12.5 W/m2同埋3.5 W/m2
RTTV 改左
回覆刪除